ࡱ> ZY  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHJKLMNOPRSTUVWXRdO)[׽[@PowerPoint Document(KSummaryInformation(IDocumentSummaryInformation8Q( p/ 0DTimesNew Roma8%PH%PXDTimes New Roman8%PH%PX@  @@``   @n?" dd@  @@`` x4     "  `1? @ g4MdMdP%TЕ`P%ppp@  Eras of IT $ DP Era >CLASSIFICATION OF APPLICATIONS: THE BENEFIT-BENEFICIARY MATRIX?? ? -THE STRATEGIC ROLES FOR IT IN AN ORGANIZATION.. . The 7-S Model$   +IT Strategic Planning: Elements and Process,,  ,/    P| ` ̙33` ` ff3333f` 333MMM` f` f` 3>?" dd@,|? " dd@   " @ ` n?" dd@   @@``PR    @ ` ` p>> |(     `dW:wawa1 ?P   T Click to edit Master title style! !@  Z]:wawa1 ?   RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     S6  S  ? ̙33 H@ ( B@`@ j  s *1 ?    @  Z[:wawa1 ? @   RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     S6  S  ? ̙33 0 0(   6  S  ? a( Xͼ @(  @Q d  <1?``d  <1?`  # lXwawa1 ?P0     3 rJXwawa1 ? [    XB  01?00 XB  01? 9X   ZQtXwawa1?@ & z O Micro Era     ZMXwawa1?  Q Network Era  0   TXwawa1?  f1960 1980 1995 2000gg g^B   61?9( ^B   61? d   <1?Ad  <1?^^B  61?9 h   ZtXwawa1?LOL  ,Societal Impact (Investment, Benefit, etc.)&- -B  c BCDEF1?qq "-8DOZfq|u iY!L,<70BNYdp{yfTA. +6AMXc~nqzhbXOHB<52,)%")4@KWbm y    (3>JU`lw@ Pa B  c BqC1DEF1?qq0 -)$&0#<IUamy*~6qB`NSZ?f.r }iUA0 ,;GT`lxxnh^SMF?9 5.%+1(=$M!Yeq}     +7CO^jv $0<HUap@A B  c BACDEF1?qq #/:}FyRr^nijuc[TLE=2' +7BNZpf]qG}0}gT= '(3?KWbny{ti]VNG?;4 0,!)0%;!GS_jv   )8CO[gr~&1@@ !q  Z4Xwawa1?7} Source: Bradley, S., Hausman, J., & Nolan, R.,  Globalization & Technology , Ch 1 in Globalization, Technology and Competition: The Fusion of Computers and Telecommunications in the 1990 s. HBS Press, 1993, pp3-32.0Ug    ZXwawa1?m P INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY TRANSITION INFORMATION ECONOMYQQ QH  0޽h ? ̙33  X 4 , ` ( 0BN d  <1?``d  <1?`  # lTXwawa1 ? `     TXwawa1?  Beneficiary Individual Functional Unit Whole Organization Benefit Efficiency Task Process Boundary Mechanization Automation Extension Effectiveness Work Functional Service Improvement Enhancement Enhancement Transformation Role Functional Product Expansion Redefinition Innovation O#FJ+EL%J XB  01?9Y XB  01?IhXB  01?XB   01?yP P hXB   01?y``hXB   01?yhXB   01?  XB   01?0 0 XB  01?p p  ZTXwawa1?S rSource: Gibson, C.F., & Hammer, M.,  Now That the Dust Has Settled, A Clear View of the Terrain . CSC Index, Indications, 2:5, July 19850o  H  0޽h ? ̙33 X;(- H  0޽h ? ̙33  X}d * " ( (  (d ( <1?``d ( <1?` ( # l4Uwawa1 ?P    ( # lUwawa1 ?   d ( <1?\ ( TUwawa1?s p,Strategy Structure Systems(esp. incentives)-- -d ( <1?\   ( ZUwawa1?o  e!Skills Staff Style Shared Values"" "d  ( <1?[ d  ( <1?[$ P d  ( <1?[ 2  ( ZUwawa1?[ O  dPeople s Perspectives, Attitudes; & Org. Culture33 3 ( ZTUwawa1?; O  k'Work Behavior and Operational Practices(( ( ( TtUwawa1?{P  jResults -direct -indirect " ^B ( 6p?q^B ( 6p?a q ^B ( 6p?  ^B ( 6p?XB ( 01?6 ( S  ? ̙33\ X !!0(  0d 0 <1?``d 0 <1?` 0  Uwawa1 8c8c?   8 xd   0xd f 0 61?xd %@ Y   0Y  0 ZUwawa1?+9 VBusiness Context  0 ZtUwawa1?5[ YCurrent State of IS  0 ZXwawa1?Y   `Relevant Technology Trends 8 lP E  0lP E f  0 61?lP E <@ k  0k   0 ZXwawa1?k  bBusiness-IT Strategic Vision   0 ZcVwawa1?C  ^Issues and Opportunities 8 0 T  00 T f 0 61?0 T  0 ZdVwawa1?  KGoals 8 4<  04< f 0 61?4< @   0  0 ZeVwawa1?; YPrograms & Policies  0 ZfVwawa1?a|  UPlans & Budgets  0 ZgVwawa1?# a  NProjects   dB 0 <8c?ndB 0 <8c?~>dB 0 <8c?  0 c BCDEF8c?@XP 1 Z 0 c BCDEF8c?@XT5Z 0 c BCDEF8c?@E z {  0 c BC|DEF8c?{@   0 c BCUDEF8c?T@ 89 !0 c BCDEF8c?N @Y#H 0 0޽h ? ̙33Y    P (  d  <1?    ZXwawa1?`  G1  d  <1?`Pd  <1?P   # lXwawa1 ? @   n1. 4-stages within the firm, 3 eras across firms and, finally, matching socio-economic change! 2.  Globilization and  technology as drivers of industry and firm strategies. This implies CEO and CIO have to be of one mind. Perhaps be one mind. Tech. fusion of computing and telecommunica s - industries, impact & oppy for individual firms Tech will change the structure & communications within firms  (IT) investments will be an absolute stategic necessity, but will not lead to any sustainable competitive advantage. (cp 18) 3. SO: the history has brought us to a broader context: we need to look outside for IT as a threat and opportunity. Do we want to be first, or safely lag? How can we avoid the ostrich in the sand? Worse, How can we be sure to do the right things when we are so busy doing things right?zc v :v 8   B1 ?    H  0޽h ? ̙33 g_p(  8 d  <1?    ZXwawa1?`  G2  d  <1?`Pd  <1?P   # l4Xwawa1 ? @   d1. A way of connecting business strategy/goals to IT projects. A window for CEO and CIO to see each other through. 2.  Eras correspond to three pieces of the matrix. Each has legacy that adds to the stages issues. 3. EG s: BOA, Sabre, Frito Lay, SSB. 4. Uses: Assessment of current applications portfolio Alignment of applications portfolio with business goals Priorities for line involvement 5. A flaw: hidden infrastructure; the invisible (data warehouse, neworking, etc.) The investments for Era III.8  p p    B1 ?    H  0޽h ? ̙33a !$(  $d $ <1?   $ ZTUwawa1?`  G3  d $ <1?`Pd $ <1?P  $ # lUwawa1 ? @     $  B1 ?    H $ 0޽h ? ̙33a !,( ( ,d , <1?   , ZUwawa1?`  G4  d , <1?`Pd , <1?P  ,  B1 ?     , # lXvB;vB;1 ? @    H , 0޽h ? ̙33a !4( "1 4d 4 <1?   4 ZiVwawa1?`  G5  d 4 <1?`Pd 4 <1?P  4  B1 ?     4 # liVwawa1 ? @    H 4 0޽h ? ̙33r<ph, 9I4Vkvz?_V3 cache521372 text/html Oh+'0@H\ t ' Eras of IT Robert H. Recke1be@ k@=yS׽PN3Rϭՠ1ꤎit=~:l:ؙ `!!W/B$ Z.s+7iG~' t. J/nٮ 0 6*S X?ΰqٌ_ h NEzFP X~ql4;๕MQ(wεAzJŎ:Dy qL^>"yl >:ipϊI_D~pAT݄δCK*mK @А PuP k~I8 @^ٸhퟝD @]vE&۳h#7b9s0E*댝> #G@fΠde[1mͤYӦZ1u*HjŪ;vQ)QD@ڵ5p@e% -Yx-cv03&رnߪ]V7oݢ3F3_EW/b .gmڲ#P!B f kرeǶVĉSw!C_63gӆR r۸ᰯM̏H ͹mkEwv^[Ӝ߿ }3sjo9&ILn9J Ȼ=PZ!B$ApCd $kFԨBԀFhQ#>! d&fhPPDAĀfjr1 iRY BÍygpH# 㘊4҈#gVB'% UHizŕBe`"* N (8B j+phOb Z肭.⚫ګ[".l>&J;m9\C1 -:GvAXΐ9 7Lmu׼Bh-m?Înl1qaAe[^whݐC|1:"k`Q]Fw}ȕX:'J)[Ji時mLyft5b/g\T"b Ü4T Q4ќG#EX(6唉"TYW?-Ȃ-/t.ы/0S1 lf1ӌ3@4ydljW?\_ޅCuP\\myto}u?0AUkP[[vjHalcyKoYq Uכ6Ơ:Wπ0ՈL0F;#1FO+p ; j \xIC\6>cm5izB Hjn(h! }զ@%*NJ)\A (B QBp+ 29`ynX3u:XFujݴ^7.ّ} 9w%]fEZqA^t]W7r%g`0pf$3  ˍ3a# '-4$"Hͱ|ވAO|Y2"Lˆ/A<<J,J+AN8Gtfb(ѻqf ;I CbpNhqЃB (!+ (oJTPaaIը2A:,naXZ*'Jsꜰ@W!tJݳX'-jZ߶" ^A1Mt 7\{hYF0!M,usɬ rOX<(Öu.=f~[z45`$OͣHz8,| &u:ͭ^̫`!ƚK]: 1afV4B ̤4jQ VԁN*|P"7`G Z+%X&3)$g@o"\ dX*^Лoxn0rهAQ%iHz Wk!PHW@Cw)IԨ#l* @5b Z1-m"|Ź`}X;V锅:54ZV*9ƫhd 7-;1xh;-k$^$7ČZ=`y \[9: 0:عW&$1T" f_mn#²|b:i +4Ai`kKRPgz.[AWF EJa${.hv,qF3AdPT6)yϛ^סR&$ZP T`pTP$,LN-ۂY^+b)͸S ;kuvc,BqdɌbSNoEB:(MTYugd*!3HV4o-;we[7d ~;K]^Z9'd4Lp%%9oRܔ`WOӓcU1HϏfi6y ncEM(]mbѨHaXh-pY} Ph)[}50sja42+ncPʦ6>gB\DV2DZȣQ4&:rdu1X:}Ҋ.Y$`[q:j1eoڇdf_\ĂFiZՙN % :ǴrVtE? D7xXqQ: J#f؃2A;y""7/CZ Xp~hP؁_Cc LPZs-\)/z0 +#47670t#3]vkwnR=: